Paestum is an ancient Greek archaeological site located in the Campania region of Italy, near the modern town of the same name. Here’s an overview of Paestum:
Paestum was originally founded by Greek colonists from the city of Sybaris in the 7th century BC. Known as Poseidonia in ancient Greek times, it flourished as an important Greek city-state in Magna Graecia (the Greek colonies in Southern Italy). The city was later conquered by the Lucanians, an indigenous Italic tribe, and eventually became part of the Roman Republic in the 3rd century BC.
Today, Paestum is renowned for its well-preserved ancient Greek temples, which are among the best-preserved examples of ancient Greek architecture in the world. The three main temples at Paestum are the Temple of Hera (also known as the Basilica), the Temple of Athena (also known as the Temple of Ceres), and the Temple of Neptune (also known as the Temple of Poseidon). These temples date back to the 6th and 5th centuries BC and are dedicated to various Greek gods and goddesses.
In addition to the temples, the archaeological site of Paestum also includes a museum that houses a rich collection of artifacts discovered during excavations of the site. The museum’s exhibits include ancient Greek pottery, sculptures, and other artifacts that provide insights into daily life in ancient Paestum.
Paestum is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from around the world who come to admire its ancient ruins and learn about its history. The site is easily accessible from Naples, Salerno, and other nearby cities by train or car. Guided tours are available for visitors who want to learn more about the history and significance of the site.
In addition to its archaeological significance, Paestum is also known for its beautiful surroundings, including the nearby Cilento National Park and the stunning beaches of the Tyrrhenian Sea. Visitors to Paestum can explore the archaeological site, relax on the beach, and enjoy the natural beauty of the surrounding area.
Paestum is a fascinating destination that offers a unique glimpse into the ancient Greek civilization in Italy and the enduring legacy of Greek culture in the region.
WHAT TO SEE IN PAESTUM
In Paestum, visitors can explore a range of archaeological and historical sites that offer a fascinating glimpse into the ancient Greek and Roman civilizations. Here’s what to see in Paestum:
Ancient Greek Temples: The main attractions of Paestum are its remarkably well-preserved ancient Greek temples. These include:
– Temple of Hera (Basilica): One of the oldest and largest Doric temples in Italy, dating back to the 6th century BC. It was originally dedicated to the goddess Hera.
– Temple of Athena (Temple of Ceres): A well-preserved Doric temple dating from the late 6th century BC, dedicated to the goddess Athena (Ceres in Roman mythology).
– Temple of Neptune (Temple of Poseidon): Another impressive Doric temple, believed to have been dedicated to the god Neptune (Poseidon in Greek mythology). It dates to the early 5th century BC.
Archaeological Museum of Paestum: Located near the archaeological site, the museum houses a rich collection of artifacts discovered during excavations. Highlights include ancient Greek pottery, sculptures, and tomb paintings, providing insights into daily life in ancient Paestum.
The ancient city of Paestum was surrounded by defensive walls, parts of which are still visible today. Visitors can see remnants of the city walls and gates, including the Porta Marina, Porta Sirena, and Porta Giustizia.
Roman Amphitheater: While the main focus of Paestum is its Greek heritage, there are also Roman ruins in the area, including a small amphitheater believed to have been used for gladiatorial contests and other public events.
Tomb of the Diver: this ancient Greek tomb, discovered in the 1960s, is renowned for its remarkable frescoes depicting a diver plunging into the sea. It provides valuable insights into Greek funerary practices and artistic traditions.
Sanctuary of the Madonna del Granato: a medieval church located near the archaeological site, offering panoramic views of the surrounding countryside and the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Paestum is also known for its natural beauty, with stunning beaches along the Tyrrhenian coast and the nearby Cilento National Park offering opportunities for hiking, swimming, and wildlife watching.
HOW TO GET TO PAESTUM?
Getting to Paestum is relatively easy, as it is well-connected to major cities in Italy. Here are several ways to get to Paestum:
Paestum has its own train station, called “Paestum” or “Capaccio-Roccadaspide,” which is served by the Trenitalia train network. You can take a train from Naples or Salerno to Paestum, with direct trains available from both cities. The journey from Naples takes approximately 1.5 to 2 hours, while the journey from Salerno takes around 30 to 45 minutes. Once you arrive at the Paestum train station, it’s a short walk or taxi ride to the archaeological site and town center.
If you prefer to drive, Paestum is accessible by car from Naples, Salerno, and other nearby cities. From Naples, you can take the A3 highway (Autostrada A3) towards Salerno and then exit at the Battipaglia-Paestum exit. From Salerno, you can take the same highway towards Naples and then exit at the Battipaglia-Paestum exit. The journey takes approximately 1 to 1.5 hours from Naples and around 30 to 45 minutes from Salerno, depending on traffic conditions. Once you arrive in Paestum, there are parking lots available near the archaeological site and town center.
There are also bus services available to Paestum from Naples, Salerno, and other nearby cities. Buses depart from the central bus stations in Naples and Salerno, and the journey takes approximately 1.5 to 2 hours from Naples and around 1 hour from Salerno, depending on traffic and the specific bus route. Be sure to check the bus schedule and routes in advance, as they may vary depending on the time of year.
Regardless of how you choose to travel, Paestum is a relatively small town, and the archaeological site is within walking distance of the train station and town center. It’s recommended to plan your visit in advance, especially during the peak tourist season, to avoid long lines and crowded conditions.